理肺消积丸对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长的抑制作用

目的:观察理肺消积丸对Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长的影响作用。方法:将50只小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、理肺消积丸组[240μg/(g·d)]、顺铂组[0.5μg/(g·d)]、联合组[理肺消积丸240μg/(g·d)+顺铂0.5μg/(g·d)]。采用皮下接种法建立Lewis肺癌小鼠模型,制备模型次日进行药物干预。2周后分别采用活体成像技术检测小鼠体内肿瘤生长情况,HE染色评价肿瘤组织病理学形态,免疫组化技术观察肿瘤细胞增殖细胞核抗原(Proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)及人第10号染色体缺失的磷酸酶及张力蛋白同源物(gene of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromosome ten,PTEN)的表达情况,TUNEL技术评价肿瘤细胞凋亡情况。结果:模型对照组小鼠体内肿瘤增殖明显,肿瘤细胞异型性明显、核分裂象多见,PCNA蛋白表达程度极高,而细胞凋亡率及PTEN蛋白表达量极低。与模型对照组对比,理肺消积丸组的肿瘤生长受到抵制,肿瘤细胞异型性及核分裂象减少,PCNA蛋白表达下降,肿瘤细胞凋亡率升高,PTEN蛋白表达升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而顺铂组和联合组除PTEN蛋白表达较模型对照组差异无统计学意义外,其余指标均有统计学意义。结论:理肺消积丸可显著抑制Lewis肺癌小鼠肿瘤生长,其机制可能与其抑制肺癌细胞增殖、上调细胞凋亡和PTEN蛋白表达有关。     

An assessment of the correlation between robust CT-derived ventilation and pulmonary function test in a cohort with no respiratory symptoms

Objective:To evaluate CT-ventilation imaging (CTVI) within a well-characterized, healthy cohort with no respiratory symptoms and examine the correlation between CTVI and concurrent pulmonary function test (PFT).Methods:CT scans and PFTs from 77 Caucasian participants in the NORM dataset (clinicaltrials.gov {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT00848406","term_id":"NCT00848406"}}NCT00848406) were analyzed. CTVI was generated using the robust Integrated Jacobian Formulation (IJF) method. IJF estimated total lung capacity (TLC) was computed from CTVI. Bias-adjusted Pearson’s correlation between PFT and IJF-based TLC was computed.Results:IJF- and PFT-measured TLC showed a good correlation for both males and females [males: 0.657, 95% CI (0.438–0.797); females: 0.667, 95% CI (0.416–0.817)]. When adjusting for age, height, smoking, and abnormal CT scan, correlation moderated [males: 0.432, 95% CI (0.129–0.655); females: 0.540, 95% CI (0.207–0.753)]. Visual inspection of CTVI revealed participants who had functional defects, despite the fact that all participant had normal high-resolution CT scan.Conclusion:In this study, we demonstrate that IJF computed CTVI has good correlation with concurrent PFT in a well-validated patient cohort with no respiratory symptoms.Advances in knowledge:IJF-computed CTVI’s overall numerical robustness and consistency with PFT support its potential as a method for providing spatiotemporal assessment of high and low function areas on volumetric non-contrast CT scan.     

Effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal complications and nutritional status of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer: A protocol of randomized controlled trial

Background:Gastrointestinal complications and malnutrition are common problems that affect postoperative rehabilitation and survival of patients with esophageal cancer. Evidence has shown that probiotics have a positive effect on improving gastrointestinal complications and nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer after surgery, but there is a lack of prospective studies on this topic. We designed this prospective randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal complications and nutritional status in patients with postoperative esophageal cancer.Methods:This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. It was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of our hospital. 192 patients will be randomly divided into probiotics group and the placebo group in a 1:1 ratio. After operation, probiotics and placebo will be given orally for 8 weeks. The indexes of nutritional status and incidence of digestive tract complications will be recorded and the data will be analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software.Discussion:This study will evaluate the effect of probiotics on gastrointestinal complications and nutritional status of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer. The results of this study will provide clinical basis for the use of probiotics in postoperative treatment of esophageal cancer.Trial registration:OSF Registration number: D DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QHW86     

Organ-based tube current modulation in chest CT. A comparison of three vendors

IntroductionOrgan-based tube current modulation (OBTCM) is designed for anterior dose reduction in Computed Tomography (CT). The purpose was to assess dose reduction capability in chest CT using three organ dose modulation systems at different kVp settings. Furthermore, noise, diagnostic image quality and tumour detection was assessed.MethodsA Lungman phantom was scanned with and without OBTCM at 80–135/140 kVp using three CT scanners; Canon Aquillion Prime, GE Revolution CT and Siemens Somatom Flash. Thermo-luminescent dosimeters were attached to the phantom surface and all scans were repeated five times. Image noise was measured in three ROIs at the level of the carina. Three observers visually scored the images using a fivestep scale. A Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test was used for statistical analysis of differences.ResultsUsing the GE revolution CT scanner, dose reductions between 1.10 mSv (12%) and 1.56 mSv (24%) (p < 0.01) were found in the anterior segment and no differences posteriorly and laterally. Total dose reductions between 0.64 (8%) and 0.91 mSv (13%) were found across kVp levels (p < 0.00001). Maximum noise increase with OBTCM was 0.8 HU. With the Canon system, anterior dose reductions of 6–10% and total dose reduction of 0.74–0.76 mSv across kVp levels (p < 0.001) were found with a maximum noise increase of 1.1 HU. For the Siemens system, dose increased by 22–51% anteriorly; except at 100 kVp where no dose difference was found. Noise decreased by 1 to 1.5 HU.ConclusionOrgan based tube current modulation is capable of anterior and total dose reduction with minimal loss of image quality in vendors that do not increase posterior dose.Implications for practiceThis research highlights the importance of being familiar with dose reduction technologies.